Observable/Theoretical Distinction
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A 7 page paper which examines and analyzes Grover Mazwell’s essay “Theoretical Entities” and Bas van Fraassen’s text “A Defense of the Observational/Theoretical Distinction.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAthry7.rtf

Opals: A Consideration of Origin, Characteristics, and Enhancement Techniques
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An 8 page overview of the geological and physical characteristics of opals. As do all gemstones, opals vary significantly in value. This is determined both by the natural characteristics of the stone and by the degree of enhancement that is employed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPgemOpl.rtf

OUT FROM UNDER THE APPLE TREE: ISAAC NEWTON AND HIS IMPACT
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This 5 page paper examines Sir Isaac Newton and his part in the scientific revolution that impacted Europe during the late 1600s. The paper also discusses Newton's development of calculus, as well as his invention of the scientific method. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MTnewton.rtf

Physics / Theories Explained
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A 5 page research paper that identifies the different branches of classical physics; identifies the two primary theories of modern physics and offers a brief description of advances made in the science during the 20th Century. Eightfold Way theory, or the theory of groupings, is explained. Bibliography included.
Filename: Physics.wps

Physics and the Catapult
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A 4 page discussion of the catapult. This paper describes the design of the catapult and how changing different aspects of that design can change its efficiency. Bibliography lists sources.
Filename: PPcatapultAngle.rtf

Position Displacement & Distance Traveled By An Object
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A 7 page paper that provides an overview of these two elements as they relate to velocity. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Velocity.RTF

Progress in Ancient Alchemy
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A 4 page discussion of the many inroads made by ancient alchemists. Although our modern world tends to scoff at alchemy, it involved not just the pursuit to turn other substances into gold but rather formed the rudiments of ancient science. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPalchem.rtf

Properties and Uses of Steel Beams
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A 7 page overview of steel beam used and selection criteria. General uses examined are applications in auto making; bridge construction and repair; and in building construction. Different properties are used in each of these broad applications, and the steel industry continues searching for greater alterations preserving steel's strength while providing less mass. Includes an appendix with 2 tables. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSsteelBeam.wps

Quantum Mechanics
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A 6 page paper that provides an overview of the progression from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics. This paper begins with the developments of Max Planck and considers a number of major theories, including Einstein's theory of relativity, and their application for quantum theory. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: Quantum.wps

Radioactive Physics: Discovery and Application
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An 8 page overview of the discovery and importance of radioactive physics. Emphasizes that this discovery that alpha, beta, and gamma rays have unique qualities has resulted in the application of that knowledge in a diversity of applications, one of the most interesting of which is analytical techniques found in geoarchaeology. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPradioa.rtf

Relativity
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Relativity is the science of putting the world into perspective. This 5 page paper explores the meaning of time as well as relativity as explained by Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld in the book, The Evolution Of Physics. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KTrltvty.wps

Revolutions In Physics
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5 pages in length. The manner by which ideas of Ernst Mach, Henri Poincare, Albert Einstein and Werner Heisenberg represent a revolution in physics becomes significantly clear when one examines the extent to which science has modified human existence, particularly when compared with Newtonian physics from the previous century. Understanding each man's unique contributions provides for the student to gain a better perspective upon just how much of an impact their respective discoveries had upon the entire global population. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCphysc.wps